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      <a href="/2015/07/01/ipmi/" title="IPMI" itemprop="url">IPMI</a>
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		<a href="/about" title="Luo Yuan" target="_blank" itemprop="author">Luo Yuan</a>
		
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    <time datetime="2015-07-01T00:39:21.000Z" itemprop="datePublished"> Published 2015-07-01</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">Contents</strong>
		
			<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMI%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMI平台</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E5%AF%B9IPMI%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">服务器对IPMI的硬件支持</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8IPMI%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用IPMI管理系统的条件</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMI-%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMI 管理工具</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMI%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%8C%83%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMI命令范例</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMITool%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMITool命令格式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%BE%93%E5%87%BA%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%9C%E4%B8%BE%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">命令输出结果举例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0BMC%E7%9A%84IP%E5%92%8C%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E5%90%8D"><span class="toc-number">3.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">配置本地BMC的IP和用户名</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%AA%E5%88%ABIPMITool%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E5%88%97%E4%B8%BE"><span class="toc-number">3.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">个别IPMITool命令列举</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
		
		</div>
		
		<p>智能平台管理界面（IPMI，Intelligent Platform Management Interface）是管理基于 Intel结构的企业级系统中所使用的外围设备采用的一种工业标准，用户能够利用IPMI监控服务器的物理健康特征，如温度、电压、风扇工作状态、电源状 态等。该标准由美国英特尔、惠普（Hewlett-Packard）、NEC、美国戴尔电脑和SuperMicro等公司定制。新的版本是 IPMI2.0（<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.intel.com/design/servers/ipmi/%EF%BC%89%E3%80%82">http://www.intel.com/design/servers/ipmi/）。</a><span id="more"></span></p>
<h2 id="IPMI平台"><a href="#IPMI平台" class="headerlink" title="IPMI平台"></a>IPMI平台</h2><p>需要使用IPMI的前提条件是目标服务器具备有IPMI的硬件基础。IPMI是独立主机OS的一个管理模块，其本质是一个独立运行的硬件芯片，这个芯片提供IPMI的实现，并且具有独立的电源，独立的MAC和IP地址。可以将这个芯片视为网络层的一种硬件实现。这个芯片在IPMI的概念中被定义为BMC，嵌入式管理为控制器。</p>
<h3 id="服务器对IPMI的硬件支持"><a href="#服务器对IPMI的硬件支持" class="headerlink" title="服务器对IPMI的硬件支持"></a>服务器对IPMI的硬件支持</h3><p>目前惠普、戴尔、和NEC等大多数厂商生成的服务器都会默认集成支持IPMI2.0。但是要注意并不是所有的服务器都支持，比如HP的服务器本身知道iLo管理系统，hp的服务器通过这个ILo管理系统模拟BMC实现IPMI，但是早起的ILo中是没有ipmi模块，需要升级到最新的版本才可以支持IPMI2.0.</p>
<h3 id="使用IPMI管理系统的条件"><a href="#使用IPMI管理系统的条件" class="headerlink" title="使用IPMI管理系统的条件"></a>使用IPMI管理系统的条件</h3><p>IPMI有两种使用方式</p>
<ul>
<li>一种是本地使用，通过服务器的操作系统来管理本机的电源和其他硬件信息，这种要求当前的操作系统要提供IPMI的内核支持，需要在操作系统上安装IPMI的驱动。例如Linux系统通过OpenIPMI来提供对IPMI接口的支持，在Linux上使用IPMI管理服务的之前需要先安装并且启用这个内核驱动：<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">service ipmi start</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li>另一种是通过网络在另外一台机器上管理目标服务器。这个时候作为管理者使用的机器不需要安装IPMI驱动或者BMC，只需要通过网络发送IPMI命令到被管理的服务器上就使用IPMI进行服务器管理，如果查询硬件状态、开关机。这个时候我们可以在管理用的机器上安装IPMI管理工具如IPMITool。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="IPMI-管理工具"><a href="#IPMI-管理工具" class="headerlink" title="IPMI 管理工具"></a>IPMI 管理工具</h2><p>IPMI的管理工具可选择范围比较有限，目前Linux上就是用IPMITool，windows上使用 IPMIUtil。基于IPMI进行开发的Java工具包目前可免费是用的是基于Gplv3开源的vxipmi工具。我也基于IPMIutil实现了一个在windows平台下进行Java开发的支持工具包。</p>
<h2 id="IPMI命令范例"><a href="#IPMI命令范例" class="headerlink" title="IPMI命令范例"></a>IPMI命令范例</h2><p>IPMI使用Remote Management Control Protocol (RMCP) 版本1支持操作系统关闭（pre-OS和OS-absent），RMCP把把数据发送到<strong>UDP</strong>的623端口。象lan接口一样，lanplus同样使用 Ethernet LAN 的UDP协议与BMC通信，但是lanplus使用RMCP＋协议（在IPMIV20中描述）来同新，RMCP+允许使用改经的认证方式和数据完整性检 查。我没有深入去研究IPMI的命令格式的组成，只是大概学了下怎么是用IPMItool执行IPMI命令，于是在这里记录下一些常用的IPMI命令<br>IPMITool工具执行IPMI命令的时候需要有相应的网络接口来访问BMC，接口有三种模式： open， lan， lanplus，IPMI2.0开始可以是用lanplus来打开网络接口进行远程访问。Open端口用于本地监控系统使用的；Lan/lanplus通过网络进行远程监控。</p>
<h3 id="IPMITool命令格式"><a href="#IPMITool命令格式" class="headerlink" title="IPMITool命令格式"></a>IPMITool命令格式</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ipmitool -I lanplus -H &lt;ip&gt; -p &lt;port&gt; -C 3 -U &lt;user&gt; -P &lt;password&gt; &lt;<span class="built_in">command</span>&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> command的可选命令如下</p>
<ul>
<li>raw: 发送一个原始的IPMI请求，并且打印回复信息</li>
<li>lan： 配置网络信道（channel）</li>
<li>chassis： 查看服务器的基本状态信息（厂商）和配置电源</li>
<li>event： 向目标BMC发送一个定义的事件（比如测试配置SNMP是否成功）</li>
<li>mc：  查看MC（Management Contollor）状态和各种允许的项</li>
<li>sdr：打印传感器仓库中的任何监控项和从传感器读取到的值</li>
<li>sensor：打印传感器信息</li>
<li>Fru：打印内建的Field Replaceable Unit (FRU)信息</li>
<li>sel： 打印 System Event Log (SEL)      </li>
<li>pef： 配置 Platform Event Filtering (PEF)，事件过滤平台用于在监控系统发现有event时候，用PEF中的策略进行事件过滤，然后看是否需要报警</li>
<li>sol/isol：用于配置通过串口的Lan进行监控</li>
<li>user：配置BMC中用户的信息</li>
<li>channel：配置Management Controller信道</li>
<li>C （CipherSuiteID）参数用来配置ipmi的加密登记，可以选择0-14， 各个id对应的加密组合如下表：</li>
</ul>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th align="center">AuthenticationAlgorithm</th>
<th align="center">IntegrityAlgorithm</th>
<th align="center">ConfidentialityAlgorithm</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>0</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td align="center">SHA1</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td align="center">SHA1</td>
<td align="center">SHA1_96</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td align="center">SHA1</td>
<td align="center">SHA1_96</td>
<td align="center">AES_CBC128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td align="center">SHA1</td>
<td align="center">SHA1_96</td>
<td align="center">XRC4_128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td align="center">SHA1</td>
<td align="center">SHA1_96</td>
<td align="center">XRC4_40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">AES_CBC128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">XRC4_128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">XRC4_40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">NONE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">AES_CBC128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">XRC4_128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14</td>
<td align="center">MD5</td>
<td align="center">MD5_128</td>
<td align="center">XRC4_40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td align="center"></td>
<td align="center"></td>
<td align="center"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 id="命令输出结果举例"><a href="#命令输出结果举例" class="headerlink" title="命令输出结果举例"></a>命令输出结果举例</h3><p>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> sensor list  ##这个命令能够获取传感器列表</p>
<p> CPU1 Temp        | 0.000      | unspecified | ok    | 0.000     | na        | 0.000     | 0.000     | na        | na<br> CPU2 Temp        | 0.000      | unspecified | ok    | 0.000     | na        | 0.000     | 0.000     | na        | na<br> System Temp      | 39.000     | degrees C  | ok    | 0.000     | 0.000     | 0.000     | 81.000    | 82.000    |<br> CPU1DIMM         | 1.544      | Volts      | ok    | 1.320     | 1.328     | 1.336     | 1.656     | 1.664     | 1.672<br> CPU2DIMM         | 1.544      | Volts      | ok    | 1.320     | 1.328     | 1.336     | 1.656     | 1.664     | 1.672<br> +1.5V            | 1.512      | Volts      | ok    | 1.320     | 1.328     | 1.336     | 1.656     | 1.664     | 1.672<br> +3.3V            | 3.240      | Volts      | ok    | 2.880     | 2.904     | 2.928     | 3.648     | 3.672     | 3.696<br> +3.3VSB          | 3.336      | Volts      | ok    | 2.880     | 2.904     | 2.928     | 3.648     | 3.672     | 3.696<br> VBAT             | 3.336      | Volts      | ok    | 2.880     | 2.904     | 2.928     | 3.648     | 3.672     | 3.696<br> Fan1             | 7072.000   | RPM        | ok    | 340.000   | 408.000   | 476.000   | 17204.000 | 17272.000 | 17340.000<br> Fan2             | 7072.000   | RPM        | ok    | 340.000   | 408.000   | 476.000   | 17204.000 | 17272.000 | 17340.000<br> Fan3             | na         | RPM        | na    | 340.000   | 408.000   | 476.000   | 17204.000 | 17272.000 | 17340.000<br> PS Status        | 0.000      | unspecified | ok    | 0.000     | na        | 0.000     | 0.000     | na        | na</p>
<p>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> sensor get “CPU1 Temp”  ##能够获取ID为CPU1 Temp监测值，CPU1 Temp是sensor的ID，服务器不同，ID表示也不同。<br> Locating sensor record…<br> Sensor ID              : CPU1 Temp (0x1)<br> Entity ID             : 7.1<br> Sensor Type (Analog)  : Unknown (0xC0)<br> Sensor Reading        : 0 (+/- 0) unspecified<br> Status                : ok<br> Lower Non-Recoverable : 0.000<br> Lower Critical        : na<br> Lower Non-Critical    : 0.000<br> Upper Non-Critical    : 0.000<br> Upper Critical        : na<br> Upper Non-Recoverable : na<br> Assertion Events      :<br> Assertions Enabled    : lcr-<br> Deassertions Enabled  : lcr-</p>
<h3 id="配置本地BMC的IP和用户名"><a href="#配置本地BMC的IP和用户名" class="headerlink" title="配置本地BMC的IP和用户名"></a>配置本地BMC的IP和用户名</h3><p>注意这是如何配置本机的IPMI给远程主机连接使用的IP和用户名，所以需要在当前服务器的操作系统上进行配置。有些厂商的服务如HP会提供界面操作。</p>
<p>ipmitool -I open lan print 1                           ## 显示BMC通道的信息，如果不知道BMC使用的是哪个通道，请使用下面的命令确认：<br>ipmitool -I open channel info 1<br>ipmitool -I open lan set 1 ipsrc static                ## 设置本地BMC地址为静态，才能设置IP<br>ipmitool -I open lan set 1 ipaddr 10.53.11.113         ## 设置本地BMC的IP地址<br>ipmitool -I open lan set 1 netmask 255.255.255.0       ## 子网掩码，别忘了设<br>ipmitool -I open lan set 1 defgw ipaddr 10.53.11.254   ## 网关，可设可不设<br>ipmitool user list 1         ## 查看BMC的用户列表<br>ipmitool user set name 1 username     ## 对BMC的1号用户设置用户名username<br>ipmitool user set password 1 123456                    ## 对BMC的1号用户设置密码123456</p>
<h3 id="个别IPMITool命令列举"><a href="#个别IPMITool命令列举" class="headerlink" title="个别IPMITool命令列举"></a>个别IPMITool命令列举</h3><p>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> sensor thresh   # 配置ID值等于id的监测项的各种限制值。<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> chassis status  # 查看主板状态，其中包括了主板电源信息，主板工作状态等<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> chassis restart_cause  # 查看上次系统重启的原因<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> chassis policy list  # 查看支持的底盘电源相关策略。<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> chassis power on # 启动底盘，用此命令能够远程开机<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> chassis power off # 关闭底盘，用此命令能够远程关机<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> chassis power reset #实现硬重启，用此命令能够远程重启<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> mc reset # 使BMC重新硬启动<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> mc info # 查看BMC硬件信息<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> mc setenables =[on|off] #配置bmc相应的允许/禁止选项。<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> mc getenables # 列出BMC任何允许的选项<br>ipmitool -I lanplus -H <ip> -p <port> -C 3 -U <user> -P <password> lan print 1 # 打印channel 1的信息</p>
  
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 <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMI%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMI平台</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E5%AF%B9IPMI%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">服务器对IPMI的硬件支持</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8IPMI%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用IPMI管理系统的条件</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMI-%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMI 管理工具</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMI%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%8C%83%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMI命令范例</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#IPMITool%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">IPMITool命令格式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%BE%93%E5%87%BA%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%9C%E4%B8%BE%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">命令输出结果举例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0BMC%E7%9A%84IP%E5%92%8C%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E5%90%8D"><span class="toc-number">3.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">配置本地BMC的IP和用户名</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%AA%E5%88%ABIPMITool%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E5%88%97%E4%B8%BE"><span class="toc-number">3.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">个别IPMITool命令列举</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
 
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